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Photobiont plurality in lichen thalli
Dědková, Kamila ; Steinová, Jana (advisor) ; Vančurová, Lucie (referee)
Photobiont plurality refers to the presence of multiple photobionts within a single lichen thallus. This phenomenon was described at the end of the last century but has received deeper attention in the last decade. The available literature on this topic is limited. This bachelor thesis summarizes all the important findings published on plurality to date. The most common photobionts coexisting in a thallus are algae of the genus Trebouxia, but other algae and cyanobacteria more or less phylogenetically related may also coexist together. Thallus with multiple photobionts is formed either at the beginning by the association of hyphae with several photobionts at once (horizontal transport) or by the acquisition of additional photobionts during life (vertical transport). The most important factors affecting the cooccurrence of multiple photobionts in a single thallus are probably the specificity and selectivity of mycobionts and local environmental conditions. The plurality of photobionts has been found in more than fifty lichen species. Many important findings have been described in a model lichen Ramalina farinacea. Its coexisting photobionts differ in responses to several environmental, mostly stress conditions, suggesting that the presence of multiple photobionts in a thallus may provide an...
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Trade union plurality at an employer
Kalina, Vojtěch ; Tomšej, Jakub (advisor) ; Pichrt, Jan (referee)
Trade union plurality at an employer Abstract In this thesis I deal with the issue of trade union plurality at an employer. In the thesis I describe the role of trade unions and the development of the legal regulation of their plurality. In doing so, I analyse the conclusions of the Constitutional Court expressed in the ruling Pl. ÚS 83/06 and its implications for current and possible future legislation. I also describe the problematic aspects of the current legislation in this area. These problems concern both the representation of non-unionised employees in individual matters and, in particular, collective bargaining. The aim of the thesis was to try to suggest possible options for solving the current unsatisfactory state of the legislation. The thesis analyses three basic options for dealing with trade union plurality in the context of collective bargaining. These are the introduction of the majority principle in some form, the involvement of employees by way of voting, and allowing for the existence of multiple collective agreements at a single employer. Changing the conditions for starting of functioning of a trade union at an employer is mentioned as an additional option. Finally, I discuss the possibility of addressing problematic aspects in the context of a situation where a trade union is to...
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Differend and Biopower. Discursive Regulation of Covering Muslim Women in Czech republic
Balážová, Lucia ; Fišerová, Michaela (advisor) ; Marcelli, Miroslav (referee)
The diploma thesis combines the theoretical concepts of postmodernism and biopower, that are subsequently applied to the particular issue of covering Muslim women living in the Czech Republic. This problem includes the religious, gender, media, social and philosophical level. Each of them is supported by key authors who are experts in this issue. Michel Foucault's concept of biopower, that covers both social and individual bodies through power discourse, interferes with the clothing, that gender attribute, like the Muslim veil, is based on the ideas of Judith Butler. The priority is the ambivalent conception by Jean-François Lyotard, as a kind of conflict, the outlet of which is pluralistic debate. The aim of the thesis is to find a tolerant solution of the current erratic situation in the collision of European and Middle Eastern cultures in the Czech Republic, like wearing the Muslim veil, as the expression of Islam in public with applying Lyotard's demanding ethics of accepting pluralism as an alterity. Key words: postmodern, contradiction, biopower, Muslim veil, media discourse, gender, plurality
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Issues of Values of Education in Postmodern Society in the Early 21st Century
Šubová, Vendula ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Reichel, Jiří (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to outline the issues of current conception of values as moral standards in postmodern society and to identify the consequences of this conception for education. The thesis tries to analyze current pluralist society on the base of literature, which is relevant to given subject. The thesis deals with a question, if and under what conditions is possible to determine socially valid values and if is possible to integrate them into the process of education. The text is divided into two chapters, the first of them deals with issues of postmodern society, pluralism and philosophical deconstruction and tries to indicate relations with education. The second chapter is focused on the problem of values, current educational objectives and the last part of this chapter is focused on the authority of education in current society. Key words: Value, education, value of education, postmodern, postmodernism, plurality, pluralism, deconstruction, educational objects, knowledge, philosophy.
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The Relationship Between Media Ownership and News Content: A Quantitative Content Analysis of Year In Review Articles on 2019 and 2020 in Czech Media
Bláhová, Kateřina ; Křeček, Jan (advisor) ; Nečas, Vlastimil (referee)
This master's thesis explores the relationship between news content and owners of print and online media publishers in the Czech Republic. In the recent decade, the Czech media scene has been subject to a phenomenon called oligarchisation, a process when vast most majority of international owners were gradually replaced by local media moguls who also do business in other sectors than the media. The theoretical part of the thesis looks at the media oligarchisation in the Central and Eastern Europe and associated threats to the standards of journalism and democracy per se. The empirical part offers a quantitative content analysis of year in review articles on 2019 and 2020. These articles were published in print and online newspapers in the five main media houses. The coding unit for analysis is an evaluative mention, i.e. only one part of each article, dedicated to a single event, name or trend. The resulting data is tested by a simple analysis of relative frequency, and is also subjected to Pearson's chi-square test. This latter examines the relationships of categorical variables. Subsequently, a correspondence analysis focuses on the most significant associations between media houses and variables of the analysed articles. The results of the analyses indicated that three of the five examined...
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Philosophical aspects of education in dialogue between Wolfgang Brezinka and Zygmunt Bauman
Dvořáková, Jana ; Dolista, Josef (advisor) ; Zátka, Vlastimil (referee)
The text of this work is primarily based on the works of Wolfgang Brezinka, focusing on the philosophy of education and on many sociological works by Zygmunt Bauman, which are cited for better orientation in the philosophical-educational context of the chapter focusing on the philosophy of education used in the antiquity The aim was to present the reader with at least a brief awareness of the individual aspects of the philosophy of education as presented by Brezinka and to supplement it with the possible aspects that can be taken from Bauman, who primarily focuses on exploring the socio-cultural phenomena of the modern society. Gradually, the essential characteristics, features, and characteristics that accompanied the upbringing in antiquity are presented, just as the educational aims and beliefs in relation to the upbringing that is presented by Brezinka. Furthermore, there are discussed and examined the pitfalls of modernism and postmodernism in relation to personality, culture, society and philosophical-educational possibilities as pointed out by Bauman. The amount of works on the philosophy of education is insufficient and even here, of course, it has not been possible to cover all the philosophical aspects of education which are available to the authors dealing with the philosophy of education, yet...
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Differend and Biopower. Discursive Regulation of Covering Muslim Women in Czech republic
Balážová, Lucia ; Fišerová, Michaela (advisor) ; Marcelli, Miroslav (referee)
The diploma thesis combines the theoretical concepts of postmodernism and biopower, that are subsequently applied to the particular issue of covering Muslim women living in the Czech Republic. This problem includes the religious, gender, media, social and philosophical level. Each of them is supported by key authors who are experts in this issue. Michel Foucault's concept of biopower, that covers both social and individual bodies through power discourse, interferes with the clothing, that gender attribute, like the Muslim veil, is based on the ideas of Judith Butler. The priority is the ambivalent conception by Jean-François Lyotard, as a kind of conflict, the outlet of which is pluralistic debate. The aim of the thesis is to find a tolerant solution of the current erratic situation in the collision of European and Middle Eastern cultures in the Czech Republic, like wearing the Muslim veil, as the expression of Islam in public with applying Lyotard's demanding ethics of accepting pluralism as an alterity. Key words: postmodern, contradiction, biopower, Muslim veil, media discourse, gender, plurality
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Boundaries of the labyrinth. Literary Space in the Italian Postmodern Novels
Čaplyginová, Olga ; Flemrová, Alice (advisor) ; Pelán, Jiří (referee) ; Pechar, Jiří (referee)
The Phd thesis titled Boundaries of the labyrinth and subtitled Literary space in the Italian postmodern novels strives for specification and closer definition of the genre of post-modern novel through the analysis of literary space. Formally, the thesis is divided into three parts. The first part aims to provide a theoretical introduction into the problems of three areas related to the given topic, namely the definition of postmodernity and postmodernism, the genre of the novel itself and last but not least the study of space in literature. The content of the second part is the actual literary and scientific analysis of the selected novels (Città invisibili and Se una notte d'inverno un viaggiatore by Italo Calvino, Notturno indiano by Antonio Tabucchi, Comici spaventati guerrieri by Stefano Benni and Oceano mare and City by Alessandro Baricco) which follows three basic and most frequent spacial topoi occurring in these novels, namely the topos of the city, the house-hotel and the road. The third and final section sums up the observed aspects and characteristics and strives to use them as a basis for determining a certain and generalizing spacial and temporal principle which would facilitate at least a partial characterization of the postmodern novel as an independent genre.
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Issues of Values of Education in Postmodern Society in the Early 21st Century
Šubová, Vendula ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Reichel, Jiří (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to outline the issues of current conception of values as moral standards in postmodern society and to identify the consequences of this conception for education. The thesis tries to analyze current pluralist society on the base of literature, which is relevant to given subject. The thesis deals with a question, if and under what conditions is possible to determine socially valid values and if is possible to integrate them into the process of education. The text is divided into two chapters, the first of them deals with issues of postmodern society, pluralism and philosophical deconstruction and tries to indicate relations with education. The second chapter is focused on the problem of values, current educational objectives and the last part of this chapter is focused on the authority of education in current society. Key words: Value, education, value of education, postmodern, postmodernism, plurality, pluralism, deconstruction, educational objects, knowledge, philosophy.
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